Russian Federation
The article is devoted to the unknown pages of the history of the correctional colony for juvenile delinquents in the Nizhny Novgorod province in the late XIX — early XX centuries. The chronological framework of the study is determined by November 26, 1878 — the date of the colony’s foundation — March 2, 1917 — the time of the collapse of the penitentiary system of the Russian Empire during the February bourgeois Revolution. Unpublished office documents from the fund 394 “Committee of the Society of the Nizhny Novgorod Agricultural Correctional Colony for Juvenile Delinquents, Nizhny Novgorod” of the Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region were used. The most important normative legal act is the “Charter of the Society of the Nizhny Novgorod Agricultural Colony for juvenile delinquents”, adopted in 1878 and defined the goals of the colony. Among the published clerical documents, we should highlight the Report on the Main Prison Administration for 1882, which gives an idea of the place of the Nizhny Novgorod agricultural correctional colony among penitentiary institutions for juvenile delinquents in Russia at the end of the XIX century. From the pre–revolutionary periodical press, we analyzed the journal “Prison Bulletin” — the publication of the Main Prison Administration. The “Prison Bulletin” raised questions about the organization of Russian correctional institutions for juvenile prisoners. The problem of studying the functioning of the Nizhny Novgorod correctional agricultural colony was addressed by domestic researchers Yu. G. Galai [1], S. Yu. Varentsov [2], L. Yu. Varentsova [3]. The novelty of this article is determined by the introduction of new historical sources into scientific circulation. The author came to the conclusion that the methods of re-education of juvenile delinquents and homeless children were teaching sciences, crafts, cultivation of the land, introduction to work, the formation of religious and moral values. Family education was introduced. The experience of the agricultural penal colony in the Nizhny Novgorod province was widely promoted not only in the Russian Empire, but also at the international level.
Nizhny Novgorod province, correctional colony for juvenile delinquents, inmates of the colony, Colony Committee, donors
1. Galai Yu. G. Nizhny Novgorod agricultural correctional colony of minors // Notes of local historians. Issue 14. (Comp. O.A. Ryabov). Nizhny Novgorod, 2013. pp. 3-15. (In Russ.)
2. Varentsov S. Y. Prison institutions of the Nizhny Novgorod province as part of the penitentiary system of Russia in 1879-1917: monograph. Nizhny Novgorod, 2019. 216 p. (In Russ.)
3. Varentsova L. Yu., Varentsov S. Yu. Nizhny Novgorod agricultural correctional colony as part of penitentiary institutions of the Russian Empire of the last quarter of the XIX - early XX century. Questions of historical and ecological regional studies. Collection of articles by participants of the I Regional Scientific and Practical Conference (February 11, 2021) / ed. by V. I. Grubov; scient. ed. by A. A. Isakov; Arzamas branch of UNN; GANO, Arzamas; IHM of Arzamas; CBS of Arzamas. Arzamas: Arzamas branch of UNN Publ., 2021. Pp. 61-70. (In Russ.)
4. Krasovsky M. The main issues of the device of Russian correctional institutions for minors. Prison Bulletin (hereinafter - TV), 1899, no. 2, pp. 55-87.
5. Report on the Main Prison Administration for 1882. Edition of the State Technical University. St. Petersburg, 1884. 215 p. (In Russ.)
6. Krasovsky M. The main issues of the device of Russian correctional institutions for minors. TV, 1900, no. 2, pp. 80-106. (In Russ.)
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8. The Charter of the society of the Nizhny Novgorod agricultural colony for juvenile delinquents. Nizhny Novgorod, 1878. 14 p. (In Russ.)
9. Central Archive of the Nizhny Novgorod region (hereinafter - TSANO). F. 394. Op. 1956. D. 8-a. (In Russ.)
10. TSANO. F. 394. Op. 1956. D. 19. (In Russ.)
11. TSANO. F. 394. Op. 1956. D. 18-a. (In Russ.)
12. TSANO. F. 394. Op. 1956. D. 17. (In Russ.)
13. Correctional institutions for minors. Report of the Nizhny Novgorod agricultural penal colony for 1897. TV, 1899, no. 12, pp. 539-543. (In Russ.)
14. Malinin F. Report of the Nizhny Novgorod Agricultural Penal Colony for 1899. Prison Bulletin, 1903, no. 1, pp. 50-54. (In Russ.)
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